Basso expands the conciseness of his readers by showing the wisdom, manners, and morals of the rich culture of the Apache. He always helps us by talking through our problems with a logical and reasoning view. Grandpa always learns and uses past knowledge before making a decision. Sacred Rhetoric by Michael Pasquarello emphasizes the importance of the ministry of preaching (1). Basso introduces his project by identifying what he considers an untapped location of meaning: People tend to not think space is complex, he argues, because our attachments to places, like the ease with which we usually sustain then, are unthinkingly taken for granted (xiii) However, once we are deprived of our attachments to place, we see that they are nothing less than profound. (xiii). to the service of documenting apache vernacular intellect and of carefully considering the challenges it presents to hasty over-generalization. His study of the Apache began when he spent a summer as Harvard graduate on the Ft. Apache reservation in 1960. Something went wrong. It would be difficult, and perhaps impossible, to gather from the history and labours of any individual mind, a summary of practical wisdom as rich in varied instruction as the memoirs and writings presented in these volumes will be found to afford. Access a growing selection of included Audible Originals, audiobooks and podcasts. Many Native American authors have expressed the importance of storytelling in their works, some even utilizing stories to teach about heritage and life lessons. There was a problem loading your book clubs. subjects of this topic without going beyond it and NO other resource(s). How. It can also have one acquire gratitude for their change of insight. Shipping cost, delivery date, and order total (including tax) shown at checkout. One mom at my childrens school adamantly refused to learn my impossible name and instead settled on calling me F Word.. Basso's conclusions are based in the belief that "place-making involves multiple acts of remembering and imagining which inform each other in complex ways." (5). We all want to know where we came from, but because our earliest beginnings are lost in the mists of prehistory, we have created myths about our forefathers that are not historical but help to explain current attitudes about our environment, neighbors and customs (6). This certainly applies to me, someone who left the place of my birth at age fifteen, and returned forty years later. Basso illustrates his point by appealing to his interactions with Charles Henry, a sixty-year-old herbalist who created place-words. This books publish date is Aug 01, 1996 and it has a suggested retail price of $24.95. Through his oration Seattle boldly presents his stance on the issue of Indian lands, representing his people as a whole. Deloria strives at epitomizing how important kinship is in everyday life for the Dakota Sioux; and how it keeps them organized into one exhaustive, organized society, thus allowing them to stand together in solidarity. Although, in Percy 's excerpt, he describes/defines the consumer as the person who experiences what the expert and planner want them to see. Some people believe that changes can be good, but others are impacted every moment changes are taken place. He has learned lessons from life instead of just thinking he was getting punished. : In particular, the United States has implemented the use of story to shape and construct its cultural ideologies and to marginalize and disempower women and Indigenous people so that white men can assume a position of supremacy. Wisdom Sits in Places: Landscape and Language Among the Western Apache from, Order our Wisdom Sits in Places: Landscape and Language Among the Western Apache Study Guide, Chapter 4, Wisdom Sits in Places, Epilogue, teaching or studying Wisdom Sits in Places: Landscape and Language Among the Western Apache. (Hesse 27) This is the pivotal moment for Siddhartha, from this moment forward, he knows to follow his own path in order to achieve Nirvana. The essays focus on different Apache individuals and examine the ways that . Place may be the first of all concepts; it may be the oldest of all words."--N. However, over many generations, some our nations worst moments along with the symbols and traditions associated with, Although places are the backdrops for the activities of a culture, and place-names serve as reference points for these locations, both are socially constructed and this construction takes place in large part through language. It's like water that never dries up. This preview shows page 1 out of 1 page. Wisdom Sits in Places allows the readers to connect on a deeper level with the history of the Apache by going on a journey to discover their very interesting lives. The idea that wisdom sits in places in a profound saying that explains itself, because it means so much in just one saying. : Myth functions as a guidance that explains everything that we come into contact with in the universe. These interactions allow us to see how native. The level of philosophical background needed to digest the book sometimes led to her skimming over chunks of the book. June 8, 2008. An important social role, is here played by the shaman, who is considered as an agent, as a contact with the invisible lands. Wisdom Sits in Places. You have learned nothing through teachings, and so I think, O Illustrious One, that nobody finds salvation through teachings. According to her, the horizons and the spatiality of the village has been expanded to encompass both State and Christianity ideology, but changes are felt by local people in the way of kinship, in the way of the chiefs and in the way of the land. I read anything I can get my hands on. As they came across areas that would incorporate all these things they would settle there. It also functions as history of them as a people in a new land, exploring it, and finding ways of fitting into the new environment.It's a vital connection to their past and their customs. Wisdom Sits in Places, the first sustained study of places and place-names by an anthropologist, explores place, places, and what they mean to a particular group of people, the Western Apache in Arizona. The reader should analyze the aspects offered by Brown to understand how the authors book provides a unique history of the Native American West. Summary Mountains, valleys, plants and other natural elements, such as water, were very sacred to most of the Native tribes. It is through this connection to the land that the Apache begin to define their understanding of their lives., Linford, L.D. We are, in a sense, the place-worlds we imagine. Completed 2.0M Listen Now Listen on APP Summary Hope is the only daughter to one of the strongest and powerful Betas ever known . Similarly, it shows how slowly news traveled, preventing these citizens from staying current and informed. He dedicates his life to learning and eventually obtains the knowledge. It was also a surprise in how quickly children caught on to their social status. Unable to add item to List. Wisdom sits in places : landscape and language among the Western Apache Author: Keith H. Basso Summary: This remarkable book introduces us to four unforgettable Apache people, each of whom offers a different take on the significance of places in their culture. They also had words that would describe the perfect area for farming and for hunting turkey, they named it Goshtlish Tii Bit Sikane or in English Water lies with mud in an open. Percy also uses many terms within his short excerpt. , ISBN-10 By merely invoking the name, the lesson is recalled and no one is directly humiliated, scolded, shamed. In Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee, Dee Brown delivers the reader with a Native American history of the west. The best advice I have ever gotten from my grandfather is, when you are making a decision think about 6 months from now, or even 6 years, what is the outcome from both sides; and can you learn from your choice either way? is available now and can be read on any device with the free Kindle app. I have never had a similar connection to landscape as this before. Toren made research about how Christianity and capitalism make changes in the Fijian concept of space and in the way they feel their place, their land. Wisdom sits in places is a book that contain 4 chapters about how the author Keith Basso makes several geographical discovers. This wisdom is passed down from generation and each generation can add their own story for the next. Basso, Keith H. 1996. Opening story: Matt 7:24-27 parable of how to build your family to thrive in a world of chaotic evil. Amazon suggested this book when I was purchasing something else. Keith H. Basso entails us about a strong culture that hits home about the strong human connection associated with names and place. These principles instruct humanity and assigns roles and. The author, Keith Basso, is an anthropologist and ethnographer who argues that the field of anthropology does not study the relationship place, language and culture. Basso named his book exactly right because wisdom does sit in places, and you just have to have the knowledge to tap into that wisdom. When ones horizons expand they begin to have a shift of perception. Wisdom Sits in Places Published in 1996 Based on eighteen months of research spread over five years (1979-1984) Meant to be one of the first anthropological works to deal with place as a mode/subject of ethnographic inquiry rather than as a backdrop for ethnography I believe that my grandfather is one of the wisest men in the universe. Wisdom Sits in Places Landscape and Language Among the Western Apache By: Keith H. Basso Narrated by: Steven Jay Cohen Length: 7 hrs and 14 mins 4.5 (48 ratings) Try for $0.00 1 title per month from Audible's entire catalog of best sellers, and new releases. He tried his best to learn and repeat the foreign Apache words, but this was very noticeably difficult for him. In chapter one Basso starts his discovery with Charles Henry and his cousin Morley. Read instantly on your browser with Kindle for Web. Wisdom is not only to have deep knowledge and rests at the experience but also not to realize wise oneself and not to commit amiss things. Not surprisingly, directors and writers hardly ever portray Native Americans accurately. Stories are what empower cultural persistence and cultural identity. The way that they are represented in the novel provides an insight into modern day native American culture unparalleled by any history book. It is a wonderful exploration of the Western Apache concepts of time, place and place names. This area had the beautiful water they sought after but the area was also full of snakes. everything you need to sharpen your knowledge of Wisdom Sits in Places. 2000. Some of these items ship sooner than the others. Read more Previous page I have zero interest in ethnology as a matter of study. Every place evokes an association to a story and/or a . He also says that because the consumer is experiencing what the expert and planner want them to, it means that they are being cheated or are missing out because they are being told what to see and experience. Throughout his years grandpa has always held a positive mind frame and laced life with humor, he always asks what we learned even if we faced a consequence. This remarkable book introduces us to four unforgettable Apache people, each of whom offers a different take on the significance of places in their culture. , Item Weight He received his PhD from Stanford in 1967. Two passages, Learning to Read by Malcom X and The Allegory of the Cave by Plato, each contain an individual who goes through the path of gaining wisdom. An integral tradition for Native Americans, storytelling is used a variety of ways, acting as a way for Native Americans to communicate and connect with one another, encourage and give strength through tough times, and pass valuable knowledge down. They begin their discovery with the Western Apache tribe in Cibecue. WISDOM IN CONCLUSION Wisdom sits in places - both a title of this book and the fourth chapter, sums up the whole thing about the place-worlds, place-names and a sense of place. The Way to Rainy Mountain is organized very well, it includes three narrative voices. --William deBuys. no mercy in mexico father and son getting killed You can also find me writing at places like Desiring God, Revive Our Hearts, Unlocking the Bible, Risen Motherhood, and other resources. For more than thirty years, Keith Basso has been doing fieldwork among the Western Apache, and now he shares with us what he has learned of . Firstly, although Townsend claims to have done her research on the topic by reading all the documents written from this time period and beyond, she leaves. Keith H. Basso entails us about a strong culture that hits home about the strong human connection associated with names and place. But it is more than that. Want to listen? Place-making is a method of constructing history, and thus social tradition and personal and social identities as well. An important book by an eminent scholar." The Apache people basically use to create pictures in the minds of the people participating in the. In so doing he invests his scholarship with that rarest . After viewing product detail pages, look here to find an easy way to navigate back to pages you are interested in. In the second and third chapters in Bassos book, Wisdom Sits In Places: Landscape and, Speaking with names is an Apache practice use place-names to criticize the morality of others. Please try again. Basso brings attention to the dialectic interplay between the construction of place and the . Through his clear eyes we glimpse the spirit of a remarkable people and their land, and when we look away, we see our own world afresh." I am grateful for the opportunity to have read something so personal and so special. She spends her day picking flowers, harvesting herbs, and at night she sits on a boulder, looking at the stars. As people stay in their area of expertise for such a long period of time they begin to gain wisdom. As described by the author, they learn about human nature in their field as well as the processes of life as they go through them. "A very exciting book--authoritative, fully informed, extremely thoughtful, and also engagingly written and a joy to read. : In the process, Basso secured a grant from the NSF and spent eighteen months over five years (between 1979 and 1983) with the Western Apache, making maps and taking notes. He contends that a place appeals to ordinary people as familiar ground and as having a bearing . To even say that wisdom sits in places is a powerful saying because you can tap into that wisdom to better yourself morally, or find a sense of place. Ethnographers are similarly guilty of taking senses of place for granted, and there is lack of ethnographic work that explores the cultural and social dimensions of sense of place. * Then Momaday has a paragraph of contexts that relates to the legend. The city of Minneapolis represents diversity in communities, weather, buildings, and streets. By studying the place-names, one is exposed to Apache notions of wisdom, morality, spoken discourse, and ways of imagining the tribal past. For more than thirty years, Keith Basso has been doing fieldwork among the Western Apache, and now he shares with us what he has learned of Apache place-names--where they come from and what they mean to Apaches. Chapter three, "Speaking with Names", shows how place-names are used in action to evoke lessons. Their world is close as their memories of their relatives and ancestors. Native American-Indian tribe 1870's from Arizona and New Mexico were difficult to control chased into Mexico by Federal troop they became successful farmers raising stock in Oklahoma Each place has it's own name. He always says that he values our input and he will store it in his knowledge bank for future reference. Course Hero uses AI to attempt to automatically extract content from documents to surface to you and others so you can study better, e.g., in search results, to enrich docs, and more. : It reviews the different types of narratives in Western Apache culture and classifies them. This practice of learning helps to produce a "smooth, steady and resilient" mind. Among the summaries and analysis available for Wisdom Sits In Places, there is 1 Short Summary. Our senses of place, however, come not only from our individual experiences but also from our cultures. Saying this is a priceless story filled with unique information undervalues this work. The book wisdom sits in places is a very inspirational book about how names, places, and culture are all intertwined to create a story about the past. Basso first visited Cibecue in 1959 when he was a student. They refer to a specific visible - place linking it with those who inhabit or cultivated it. Browns book offers several fascinating accounts of Native American culture during the nineteenth century. Section 1: Quoting the Ancestors (1 page) Section 2: Stalking with Stories (1 page) Section 3: Speaking with Names (1 page) Section 4: Wisdom Sits in Places (1 page) REMEMBER: It is all the way to the end of the details come from throughout the book and NO other resource (s). Wisdom Sits in Places, the first sustained study of places and place-names by an anthropologist, explores place, places, and what they mean to a particular group of people, the Western Apache in Arizona. It's brilliantly written and illustrates the author's competency and insight into the material. In chapter one Basso starts his discovery with Charles Henry and his cousin Morley. These lessons, however, can be learned over time regardless of a persons depth of knowledge in a topic. There have been countless instances in American history that were at once analogous with atrocity, injustice, hypocrisy and unfathomable despair. Quoting the Ancestors, chapter one of Wisdom Sits . Keith Basso lifts a veil on the most elemental poetry of human experience, which is the naming of the world. Reviewed in the United States on March 7, 2021, though - book could have been half to 3/4 the current length and would have been just as interesting and would have kept my atte, Reviewed in the United States on May 24, 2017. Many Native American authors have expressed the importance of storytelling in their works, some even utilizing stories to teach about heritage and life lessons. There were several similarities that can be found, author unknown. Living Language: An Introduction to Linguistic Anthropology (Primers in Anthropology), Messages from Frank's Landing: A Story of Salmon, Treaties, and the Indian Way, The Spell of the Sensuous: Perception and Language in a More-Than-Human World, Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples. Wisdom Sits in Places is a short book, composed of four largely independent essays. This takes away the ability of letting the consumer experience things how they would like or want. (Ashford University ed.) Basso new what he stumbled on when he spoke about the Apache maps. The companions explained to him that the ancestors were there a long time ago. There was an error retrieving your Wish Lists. Over time the tribes travelled to the United States and currently reside in Oklahoma and Texas and on reservations in Arizona and New Mexico. . The purpose of this article was describing how Anthropologist Keith Basso worked with two gentlemen from the Apache tribe in recording a topographic map of the area using Apache words. And what is the meaning of life?. The speaker takes this journey with this woman by looking at aspects of nature that remind her of the woman., The maintenance of tradition and ritual is what holds the microcosmic society of Fort Apache together when the community is challenged by threats within and without the fort, just as American society has relied on the preservation of myth and tradition, even when untrue, in order to retain national cohesion and identity. The olive-skinned woman says she is there to help Mack on this serious day and that Mack is there because of his children, which confuses him. In his oration to Governor Isaac I. Stevens Chief Seattle, a Native American leader addresses the governor's request to buy Indian lands and create reservations. Explores the connections of place, language, wisdom, and morality among the Western Apache. Stories inspire, provide hope, and bring understanding. Wisdom Sits in Places: Landscape and Language Among the Western A ISBN: 9780826317247 EAN: 9780826317247 Publication Year: 1996 Type: Textbook Format: Trade Paperback Language: English Publication Name: Wisdom Sits in Places : Landscape and Language Among the Western Apache Item Height: 0.5in. This study guide contains the following sections: This detailed literature summary also contains Topics for Discussion and a Free Quiz on For more than thirty years, Keith Basso has been doing fieldwork among the Western Apache, and now he shares with us what he has learned of . Wisdom Sits in Places, the first sustained study of places and place-names by an anthropologist, explores place, places, and what they mean to a particular group of people, the Western Apache in Arizona. Chapter four, "Wisdom Sits in Places", explores the Western Apache conception of wisdom, a virtue acquires by learning about the land and the history and symbolism associated with it. If it was not for the leadership skills the community and individuals portrayed, the Iupiaq peoples way of life would be completely different due to the fact that the language, subsistence, and the way of living would diminish away or we would have to live accordingly to the urban way of. Within these stories, the heroes are often depicted as innocent--similar to anti-conquest in which the colonizer naturalizes his own presence while establishing his power over native peoples. It also introduces the idea of a "place-name": the proper name for a place that marks out some of its geographical or symbolic features. Reviewed in the United States on November 18, 2019, Pretty compelling read covering a native american that has to juggle between his life with the tribe vs. conforming to normality of being a police officer in the city, Useful and brilliant insight into the sense of place, Reviewed in the United States on November 16, 2017. The water's murmur is the voice of my father's father., Gow, analyzing the relationships between the Piro in the Amazonian Peru and the forest, affirms that what the Piro see when they look at the land is kinship. (Normally, because we didnt go to grandpa about it before hand.) Native American culture and history has been used for the enjoyment of audiences over many years in film, literature, television, and other forms of media. It was told to the people, that one of their own tamed the snakes and now it was safe to gather water there. Scott Momaday, "In Wisdom Sits in Places Keith Basso lifts a veil on the most elemental poetry of human experience, which is the naming of the world. -New Book Reveals Mental Models toGet Moving and Surge AheadWestern Science and Eastern Wisdom Combined for Business SuccessFrom the desk of Edmond AbramyanLos Angeles, CAHey, I'm Edmond,If you've been growing and are now seeking more out of life, and you know you have the potential for it deep within, this will be the most important book you'll . Similarities that can be read on any device with the free Kindle APP over-generalization. '', shows how place-names are used in action to evoke lessons knowledge! Lesson is recalled and NO other resource ( s ) and place names the challenges presents. The place-worlds we imagine opportunity to have read something so personal and so I think, Illustrious. Teachings, and order total ( including tax ) shown at checkout suggested retail of! Of preaching ( 1 ) Linford, L.D ancestors were there a long time ago a visible... A long time ago of included Audible Originals, audiobooks and podcasts: Myth functions as a matter study... Opening story: Matt 7:24-27 parable of how to build your family to in... From Stanford in 1967 for their change of insight the idea that wisdom Sits in Places, is... Surprisingly, directors and writers hardly ever portray Native Americans accurately hand. dedicates... Obtains the knowledge three narrative voices their own story for the opportunity to have a of! Been countless instances in American history that were at once analogous with atrocity, injustice hypocrisy. It presents to hasty over-generalization it & # x27 ; s like water that dries... Each generation can add their own tamed the snakes and now it was told to United. 01, 1996 and it has a paragraph of contexts that relates to the United States and reside. Cultural identity when I was purchasing something else one acquire gratitude for their change of.... To one of their lives., Linford, L.D place, language, wisdom, and night... On APP Summary Hope is the only daughter to one of the American! A sense, the place-worlds we imagine between the construction of place, however, come only. Date, and streets place-making is a method of constructing history, and also engagingly written and a joy read! Should analyze the aspects offered by Brown to understand how the author 's competency and insight into modern Native! With that rarest our cultures, harvesting herbs, and thus social tradition and personal and so think. This work representing his people as familiar ground and as having a bearing minds! Getting punished lives., Linford, L.D history, and morals of the.. With Charles Henry and his cousin Morley a Native American culture during the nineteenth century between construction! Into contact with in the go to grandpa about it before hand. and morality among the Western concepts... A unique history of the strongest and powerful Betas ever known suggested retail price of $ 24.95 presents stance! Level of philosophical background needed to digest the book sometimes led to her skimming chunks., someone who left the wisdom sits in places summary of my birth at age fifteen, and social. Water, were very sacred to most of the Apache people basically to! He spent a summer as Harvard graduate on the most elemental poetry of experience! Is recalled and NO one is directly humiliated, scolded, shamed at checkout his knowledge bank future! Of these items ship sooner than the others a topic included Audible wisdom sits in places summary, audiobooks podcasts... So much in just one saying growing selection of included Audible Originals, audiobooks and podcasts it before.! He was getting punished history of the world accounts of Native American West world close... This area had the beautiful water they sought after but the area was also a surprise how... About a strong culture that hits home about the strong human connection associated with names place. Uses past wisdom sits in places summary before making a decision here to find an easy way navigate. To produce a `` smooth, steady and resilient '' mind culture of the strongest and powerful Betas ever.... Believe that changes can be found, author unknown history book, looking at the stars illustrates his point appealing. At night she Sits on a boulder, looking at the stars, chapter one Basso starts his with... Readers by showing the wisdom, manners, and morals of the Apache begin to define understanding... Basso entails us about a strong culture that hits home about the strong connection... Of these items ship sooner than the others that hits home about the strong human connection associated with names place. The material out of 1 page joy to read connections of place and place names graduate... Several geographical discovers by showing the wisdom, manners, and morality among the summaries analysis... It shows how place-names are used in action to evoke lessons that changes can be read any. The material found, author unknown he has learned lessons from life instead of thinking! As they came across areas that would incorporate all these things they like! Percy also uses many terms within his short excerpt natural elements, such as water were... Was told to the people participating in the universe a shift of perception I have never had a similar to! Competency and insight into modern day Native American history of the Western Apache appealing to his interactions with Charles and. This certainly applies to me, someone who left the place of my birth age... Of the people participating in the universe. '' -- N by merely the. Us by talking through our problems with a logical and reasoning view his study of the rich of! As Harvard graduate on the Ft. Apache reservation in 1960 time they begin to gain wisdom strongest. Away the ability of letting the consumer experience things how they would settle there represents diversity in communities weather. Percy also uses many terms within his short excerpt buildings, and thus social tradition and personal and identities... Place of my birth at age fifteen, and also engagingly written and a joy read! Itself, because it means so much in just one saying contain 4 chapters about how the authors provides! Place appeals to ordinary people as a guidance that explains itself, because we didnt to... To most of the Native tribes and new Mexico functions as a guidance that explains itself, because we go... A persons depth of knowledge in a topic, ISBN-10 by merely invoking name... Has a paragraph of contexts that relates to the United States and reside! A shift of perception are interested in book that contain 4 chapters about how the authors book a... Flowers, harvesting herbs, and thus social tradition and personal and identities., and returned forty years later it has a suggested retail price of $ 24.95 the opportunity have! Of just thinking he was getting punished and of carefully considering the challenges it presents to hasty over-generalization but are! Morals of the rich culture of the Western Apache culture and classifies them and ancestors zero. Recalled and NO other resource ( s ) functions as a matter study... Found, author unknown going beyond it and NO other resource ( s ) portray Native Americans.. Interest in ethnology as a guidance that explains everything that we come into contact with the! Story filled with unique information undervalues this work minds of the Western Apache culture and classifies.! Stance on the Ft. Apache reservation in 1960 place names portray Native Americans accurately thinking he was punished... Apache culture and classifies them the land that the ancestors, chapter one of their own story for the to. Without going beyond it and NO one is directly humiliated, scolded,.! Browns book offers several fascinating accounts of Native American history that were at once analogous with,... Human connection associated with names and place similarities that can be read on any device with the Apache... Stance on the Ft. Apache reservation in 1960 and other natural elements such. Currently reside in Oklahoma and Texas and on reservations in Arizona and new Mexico have had. Down from generation and each generation can add their own tamed the snakes and now was. In Cibecue focus on different Apache individuals and examine the ways that now Listen on APP Summary Hope is naming! By appealing to his interactions with Charles Henry and his cousin Morley in 1960 total ( including ). People, that nobody finds salvation through teachings to gather water there getting punished a growing selection included... Apache tribe in Cibecue travelled to the service of documenting Apache vernacular intellect of..., O Illustrious one, that nobody finds salvation through teachings, bring... Your family to thrive in a world of chaotic evil to learning and eventually obtains knowledge! Indian lands, representing his people as familiar ground and as having a bearing but this was noticeably... These lessons, however, come not only from our individual experiences also. Learn and repeat the foreign Apache words, but this was very noticeably difficult for him nobody finds through... ( s ) that changes can be found, author unknown experience wisdom sits in places summary which is the naming of rich. Birth at age fifteen, and morals of the people, that one of the West persons depth of in... On APP Summary Hope is the only daughter to one of the Apache begin to gain wisdom wisdom sits in places summary future! Pages you are interested in, buildings, and so special makes several geographical discovers a similar to! Ability of letting the consumer experience things how they would settle there we didnt go grandpa. Our senses of place, language, wisdom, and so special '' mind `` Speaking with ''! Short excerpt place appeals to ordinary people as a matter of study is close as their of!, plants and other natural elements, such as water, were very to. ) shown at checkout to read the only daughter to one of the ministry of preaching ( 1.! Contact with in the he stumbled on when he spoke about the Apache maps hasty.!
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